Nuclear Trainer / About

About Nuclear Trainer

Nuclear Trainer is a 3D training model of a generic commercial nuclear power plant, with linked drawings, guided lessons and practice tools. It is built for new designers, technicians, engineers and anyone learning how a plant is arranged, what each system does and how its switchyard is worked on.

This release covers the whole plant site, the containment and shield building, the turbine building and the 500 kV and 230 kV switchyard, with the plant one-line, the auxiliary power one-line, a containment section, a passive safety systems diagram and a steam cycle diagram. The inside of the auxiliary building and the other support buildings follow in later releases.

Content last reviewed: November 8, 2026 · Site version v4.1

DisclaimerA generic plantHow to read the numbersReferencesRelease historyPrivacyAccessibilityReport an error

Disclaimer

Training only. Nuclear Trainer is an educational model. It is not for design or licensing, operation or maintenance, radiological work planning or emergency response, and nothing on it is PE-sealed. At a real plant, the plant's own procedures, its NRC license and its qualified staff govern.

It is not a substitute for the applicable regulations and codes (NRC, OSHA, EPA, NESC, NFPA, ASME), the owner's or employer's standards and procedures, manufacturer instructions, or the judgment of a licensed engineer or a qualified person. Dimensions, ratings and calculations are representative.

Drawings, DXF downloads and CAD symbols are generated from the training model. They show typical arrangements at representative sizes and are not for design or construction.

No engineering services. The content, drawings and exports were not prepared, checked or sealed by a licensed Professional Engineer, and using the site does not create an engineer-client relationship. Everything is provided as is, without warranty of any kind.

The certificate records participation in a self-paced, unproctored program. It is not operator, technician or radiation-worker qualification, and it does not make anyone a qualified person under OSHA or the NRC's rules; the employer and the plant's licensed training program decide that.

A generic plant

The plant is a generic advanced passive pressurized water reactor of about 1,100 MWe class: two coolant loops, a steel containment vessel inside a concrete shield building with a cooling water tank on its roof, and safety systems that work on stored energy, gravity and natural circulation for an extended period with no AC power. It is not any real plant or design, and no reactor product, vendor, licensor, owner or operator is named anywhere on the site. The internal arrangement is simplified.

Radiological content stays at the level of the free NRC and DOE training material. Any dose rates shown are illustrative model values. Plant security, physical and cyber, is deliberately left out: it is not modeled or described.

How to read the numbers

Values fall into four kinds. Where it matters, the text says which kind a number is.

KindMeaningExample
Regulation or code requirementSet by law or an adopted code, quoted from the primary text.The 5 rem annual limit (10 CFR 20.1201); OSHA minimum approach distances
Standard methodFrom a consensus standard or guide, named with its edition.IEEE 80 touch and step limits; IEEE 998 rolling sphere
Typical practice or catalog valueCommon US practice or a real catalog dimension; varies by maker and company.12 in × 4 in steel ladder tray, rungs on 9 in centers; 1 in rigid conduit, 1.315 in OD
Model valueA representative number chosen for the 3D model, labeled "model value". Many are rounded from public NRC documents for this general type of plant; none is a design value for any real plant.Vessel and building sizes, elevations, pump and tank ratings, fault levels

A number that could not be sourced is labeled "Model value" or listed as "Needs source". Paywalled standards are named only: no values are taken from them. The calculators show their equations and every input on screen.

References

Editions shown are the ones the content was checked against. Regulations, codes and standards change: confirm the edition your project, plant or employer uses. A row that says "checked" with a date was confirmed on that date with the eCFR, the publisher or a reseller listing; "edition not verified" rows were not.

NRC regulations and guidance

ReferenceEditionUsed for
10 CFR 50 Appendix A, General Design CriteriaeCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026GDC 2 (natural phenomena), 4 (environmental and dynamic effects, including turbine missiles), 10 (reactor design), 14 (reactor coolant pressure boundary), 15 (reactor coolant system design), 16 (containment design), 17 (electric power systems), 26 (reactivity control systems), 29 (protection against anticipated operational occurrences), 34 (residual heat removal), 35 (emergency core cooling), 38 (containment heat removal) and 50 (containment design basis), named on the equipment cards; no values taken
10 CFR 50.46, ECCS acceptance criteriaeCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026Named on the passive core cooling cards
10 CFR 50 Appendix J, containment leak-rate testingeCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026Named on the containment vessel, hatch and airlock cards
10 CFR 50.49, environmental qualificationeCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026Named on the transmitter cards
10 CFR 50.55a, codes and standardseCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026; incorporates ASME BPVC Section III and Section XI through the 2021 Edition, the ASME OM Code through 2022 and IEEE 603-1991Why the vessel, piping and valve cards name the ASME codes; no values taken
10 CFR 50.48, fire protectioneCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026; 50.48(c) incorporates NFPA 805, 2001 EditionNamed; fire protection content comes in a later release
10 CFR 50.63, loss of all alternating current powereCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026Background to the passive systems that need no AC power (named)
10 CFR Part 20, standards for protection against radiationeCFR, checked Oct 30, 2026Quoted in the Safety guide: 20.1003 (radiation area, high and very high radiation area, airborne radioactivity area), 20.1101(b) (ALARA), the occupational dose-limit table from 20.1201(a)(1)(i) and (ii) and (a)(2)(i) and (ii), 20.1207 (minors), 20.1208(a) (declared pregnant woman), 20.1301(a) and (e) and 20.1302 (members of the public and effluents), 20.1502(a)(1) (monitoring above 10 percent of the limits), 20.1601 and 20.1602 (named), 20.1902 (posting wording)
10 CFR 50.47, emergency planseCFR, checked Oct 30, 2026Quoted in the Safety guide: the sixteen planning standards in (b), (b)(4), and the emergency planning zones in (c)(2) (about 10 miles for the plume exposure pathway, about 50 miles for the ingestion pathway)
10 CFR 50 Appendix E, Emergency Planning and Preparedness for Production and Utilization FacilitieseCFR, checked Oct 30, 2026The four emergency classes (IV.C.1), the 15-minute assess-classify-declare time (IV.C.2) and the 15-minute notification of State and local agencies (IV.D.3), quoted
NUREG-0654/FEMA-REP-1, Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power PlantsRev. 2, December 2019 (ML19347D139)Emergency plan criteria, cited in the Safety guide
NRC web pages "Emergency Classification" and "Emergency Planning Zones"reviewed by NRC Sep 8 and Aug 25, 2026; read Oct 30, 2026Class and zone descriptions, quoted in part
10 CFR 50 Appendix B, Quality Assurance Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants and Fuel Reprocessing PlantseCFR, checked Oct 30, 2026Scope wording quoted on the info card of every safety-related part; the QA level column of the bill of materials
10 CFR 50.65 (maintenance rule) and 10 CFR Part 100 (reactor site criteria)eCFR titles checked Oct 30, 2026Named in the Safety guide sources
10 CFR Part 51, environmental protection regulations; 10 CFR 50.34a and Appendix I to Part 50eCFR, checked Oct 30, 2026 (51.20(b), 50.34a); Appendix I named onlyEnvironmental review and effluent design objectives (as low as is reasonably achievable) in the permits chapter
Regulatory Guide 1.204, Guidelines for Lightning Protection for Production and Utilization FacilitiesRev. 1, February 2024 (ML23241A957; 89 FR 8329), checked Oct 30, 2026; endorses IEEE 665-1995, 666-2007, 1050-2004 and C62.23-2017Basis for the lightning protection on the shield building and the turbine building (named)
NRC HRTD technology manuals: sections 4.0 (passive core cooling) and 5.2 (passive containment cooling) of the manual for this plant type, and 10.1 (reactor protection) of a generic PWR manualread Oct 30, 2026Valve normal and fail positions on the P&IDs, actuation signals and the four-channel, two-out-of-four, de-energize-to-trip arrangement on the protection logic sheet, and the pH adjustment baskets
10 CFR 19.12, instruction to workerseCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026The 100 mrem (1 mSv) threshold for radiation safety instruction, quoted in the Safety guide
10 CFR Parts 52 and 53, licensingPart 53 final rule published March 30, 2026, effective April 29, 2026 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Named only
10 CFR Part 73 (including 73.54) and Part 26named onlyPhysical security, cyber security and fitness for duty. They are deliberately not modeled or described on this site
NRC–OSHA Memorandum of Understanding2013 (NRC July 19, OSHA September 6); replaced the 1988 memorandum (checked Oct 22, 2026)Which agency covers which hazard at a nuclear plant
Regulatory Guide 1.29, Seismic Design ClassificationRev. 6, July 2021 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Seismic Category I, and the rule for nearby structures whose failure could affect Category I items (the plant description calls these seismic Category II: the turbine building first bay and the annex next to the nuclear island)
Regulatory Guide 1.75, Criteria for Independence of Electrical Safety SystemsRev. 3, February 2005, endorsing IEEE 384-1992 (checked Oct 22, 2026; IEEE 384-2018 is current)Division separation of the modeled cable trays (named)
Regulatory Guide 1.151, Instrument Sensing LinesRev. 2, February 2020, endorsing ANSI/ISA-67.02.01-2014 (checked Oct 22, 2026; ISA-67.02.01-2021 is current and was not used)Sensing line routing and slope for the remote-mounted transmitters (named; the 1 in per ft slope is typical practice from transmitter makers' instructions)
Regulatory Guide 1.189, Fire Protection for Nuclear Power PlantsRev. 5, October 2023 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Named; fire protection comes in a later release
Regulatory Guide 1.121, Bases for Plugging Degraded PWR Steam Generator Tubesedition not verifiedNamed on the steam generator card
NUREG-0612, Control of Heavy Loads at Nuclear Power Plantsedition not verifiedNamed on the polar crane card
Regulatory Guide 1.115, Protection Against Turbine Missilesedition not verifiedNamed on the turbine cards: why the shaft points at the nuclear island
Regulatory Guide 1.143, Radioactive Waste Management Systemsedition not verifiedNamed on the radwaste building card
Regulatory Guide 1.23, Meteorological Monitoring Programs for Nuclear Power PlantsRev. 1, March 2007 (checked Oct 23, 2026)Meteorological tower: wind instruments at about 10 m and 60 m, temperature difference between the levels
Regulatory Guide 1.26, Quality Group ClassificationsRev. 6, December 2021Named on the main steam and feedwater piping inside containment
10 CFR 55.46, simulation facilitieseCFR (named)Operator training simulator, named on the training center card
NUREG-0800, Standard Review PlanSections 6.3 Rev. 3 (2007), 8.2 Rev. 5 and 8.3.1, 8.3.2 Rev. 4 (2010) (checked Oct 22, 2026); Chapter 10 sections (10.2, 10.2.3, 10.3, 10.4.1, 10.4.2, 10.4.4, 10.4.5, 10.4.7) named, revisions not verifiedReview guidance behind the passive core cooling, electrical and steam and power conversion systems (named)

OSHA and EPA

ReferenceEditionUsed for
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147, control of hazardous energyeCFR, checked Oct 30, 2026Quoted in the lockout/tagout chapter: (a)(1)(i) and the utility exclusion in (a)(1)(ii)(C)
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.269 and App. BeCFR, checked Oct 30, 2026 ((d)(1) and its Note); Oct 15, 2026 (tables)Lockout of equipment that is not an integral part of power generation goes under 1910.147 (Note to (d)(1)); switchyard minimum approach distances (Tables R-6 and R-7, in the regulation text), altitude factors (Table R-5), switching and grounding order, arc-flash estimate and arc-rated clothing (1910.269(l)(8))
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.333(c)(3)eCFR, checked Oct 2026Unqualified-person distance: 10 ft up to 50 kV, plus 4 in per 10 kV above
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.302(a)(2)(v)eCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026Utility generation installations are outside the Subpart S design rules
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146, permit-required confined spaceseCFR (named)Tanks, the IRWST and the containment annulus in the Safety guide
OSHA 29 CFR 1910 Subpart D, walking-working surfaceseCFR, checked Oct 22, 2026Platforms, stairs (1910.25), fall protection (1910.28) and guardrails: top rail 42 in, plus or minus 3 in (1910.29(b)(1))
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.95, 1910.179 and 1910.269(d)eCFR (named)Noise, overhead cranes and lockout of machines in the turbine building safety cards
OSHA 29 CFR 1926.1408, Table A (cranes near power lines)eCFR, checked Oct 15, 2026Crane and boom clearances in the Safety guide
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.151(c)eCFR, checked Oct 2026Eyewash near battery electrolyte
EPA 40 CFR 112 (SPCC) and 40 CFR 761 (PCBs)eCFR, checked Oct 2026Transformer oil containment and the PCB note on the transformer card

Codes

ReferenceEditionUsed for
National Electrical Safety Code (NESC), IEEE C22023Switchyard clearances, fence and sign rules
NFPA 70, National Electrical Code2020 articles cited; 2026 is currentScope: utility generating stations are not covered (90.2), so its rules are cited as typical practice: rigid conduit support, 344.30 (2020 text, quoted in a trade article); bends between pull points, 344.26; liquidtight flexible metal conduit, Article 350
NFPA 804, Fire Protection for Advanced Light Water Reactor Electric Generating Plants; NFPA 20, 22, 30 and 37editions not verifiedNamed on the turbine island, transformer, tank, fire pump and diesel cards (NFPA 850 does not cover nuclear plants)
NFPA 70E, Electrical Safety in the Workplace2024 values usedShock approach boundaries in the arc-flash calculator (Table 130.4(E)(a))
NFPA 780, Installation of Lightning Protection Systemsedition not verifiedNamed on the lightning protection card
NFPA 497 and NFPA 70 Article 500, hazardous (classified) locationseditions not verifiedNamed in the note on the generator hydrogen and seal oil area; no extents are given
NFPA 805, Performance-Based Fire Protection for LWR Plants2001 Edition, as incorporated by 10 CFR 50.48(c)Named only

Standards

StandardEditionUsed for
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Division 1 (Subsections NB and NE)2025 is current; 10 CFR 50.55a incorporates through 2021 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Named on the reactor vessel, piping and containment vessel cards; no values taken
ASME OM Code, Operation and Maintenance of Nuclear Power Plants2022 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Inservice testing of the squib and powered valves (named)
ASME B36.10M and B36.19M, pipe dimensions2018 editions (checked Oct 22, 2026)Named. Pipe outside diameters and walls are taken from free published pipe charts that list these sizes
NEMA VE 1, Metal Cable Tray Systems; NEMA VE 2, Cable Tray Installation GuidelinesVE 1-2017 (checked Oct 22, 2026); VE 2 edition not verifiedNamed. Ladder tray rail heights, rung spacing, section lengths and fitting radii and tangents are from free manufacturer catalogs (catalog dimensions; no brand named); supports within 2 ft of each fitting and no more than 12 ft apart
UL 514A conduit bodies, UL 360 liquidtight flexible metal conduit, ASTM E814 penetration firestop systems, IEEE 383 nuclear cable qualification, ANSI C80.1 rigid steel conduiteditions not verifiedNamed on the raceway cards; conduit, coupling, LB and flexible conduit dimensions are catalog values
ANSI C80.1, Rigid Steel Conduitedition not verifiedNamed. Conduit outside diameters and factory elbow radii are from free manufacturer catalogs
ASTM A123/A123M, hot-dip galvanizing; ASTM A269, stainless tubingeditions not verifiedTray finish and instrument tubing material (named)
IEEE 384, Independence of Class 1E Equipment and Circuits2018 is current; RG 1.75 endorses 1992 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Named
IEEE 603, Criteria for Safety Systems2018 is current; 10 CFR 50.55a references 1991 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Named
ASME NQA-1, Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility Applicationsnamed onlyQuality assurance, in the Safety guide sources
IEEE 308 (Class 1E power systems), IEEE 323 (qualifying Class 1E equipment) and IEEE 344 (seismic qualification)308-2020 (RG 1.32 Rev. 4 endorses it); 323 and 344 now IEC/IEEE 60780-323-2016 and 60980-344-2020Named
IEEE 665, 666, 1050 and C62.23 (generating station grounding, lightning and surge protection)665-1995, 666-2007, 1050-2004, C62.23-2017, as endorsed by RG 1.204 Rev. 1Named on the lightning protection card
IEEE 1100 and NFPA 70 Article 392 (cable tray grounding and barriers)editions not verifiedNamed; tray ground conductors and the voltage barrier are typical practice, sizes are model values
IEEE 317, Electrical Penetration Assembliesedition not verifiedNamed on the penetration card
IEEE 485 and 450, Station Batteries485-2020; 450-2020 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Battery basics on the auxiliary power one-line
IEEE 80, Safety in AC Substation Grounding2013 with Cor 1-2015; Inactive-Reserved since 2024, revision P80 under way (checked Oct 22, 2026)Tolerable touch and step voltage, surface-layer factor, grid equations
IEEE 998, Direct Lightning Stroke Shielding2012 equations used; 998-2026 is current, approved June 4, 2026 (checked Oct 22, 2026)Rolling sphere radius S = 8·k·I0.65, per 998-2012
IEEE 1427, Electrical Clearances in Air-Insulated Substations2020Basis for 500 kV clearances; the 500 kV row in the Measure tool is a model value
IEEE 605, Bus Design in Air-Insulated Substations2008 content; 605-2023 is currentRigid bus, expansion fittings
IEEE 1584, Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations2002 equations used; 2018 is currentArc-flash calculator (teaching model)
ANSI C37.32, High-Voltage Switches, Bus Supports and Accessories1996 values as reproduced in RUS 1724E-300 Table 4-7Clearances and live-part heights in the Measure tool
IEEE C37.2, Device Function Numbers2022Device numbers in the glossary and drawings
IEEE C57.13, Instrument Transformers; IEEE C62.11 and C62.22, Surge ArrestersC57.13-2016; C62.11-2020; C62.22 edition not verifiedCT and VT ratings; arrester MCOV selection
ISA-5.1, Instrumentation Symbols and Identification2024 is current (checked Oct 22, 2026)Named; the P&IDs, the passive safety and steam cycle diagrams use common P&ID valve and instrument symbols
ASME B16.9 (butt-welding fittings) and MSS SP-97 (branch outlet fittings)editions not verifiedNamed; tee and branch outlet proportions in the model are model values
ASME B31.1 Power Piping; ASME PTC 6 Steam Turbines; ASME MFC-3M; ASME B30.2; ASME Section III Subsections NE and NF; AISC N690; ANS-57.1; NFPA 55editions not verifiedNamed on the turbine building piping, turbine, flow element, crane, component support, refueling machine, fuel transfer tube and gas storage cards
Heat Exchange Institute standards for steam surface condensers and closed feedwater heaterseditions not verifiedNamed on the condenser and feedwater heater cards
ACI 351.3R (foundations for dynamic equipment), ACI 334.2R (cooling tower shells), AISC 360, AWWA C301/C303 and D100, IEEE 421.1, Hydraulic Institute standardseditions not verifiedNamed on the turbine deck, cooling tower, building frame, circulating water pipe, tank, excitation and pump cards
IEEE 315 / ANSI Y32.2 and NECA 100, drawing symbols1975 (reaffirmed 1993); NECA 100-2013CAD symbol forms in the legend and DXF downloads (drawn in their style)

Government guides and training material

Release history

v4.1, November 2026. Drawing legibility pass. Schedules, the line list and the instrument index wrap long entries inside their columns instead of cutting them; turbine P&ID line numbers sit beside their lines, clear of valves, text and other lines; the containment P&IDs, the containment section, the plant one-line, the raceway plans and the plan grids were relaid so no label overlaps another or runs off its sheet; sheet text has a dark outline so it stays readable where a line passes behind it. Corrected two drafting slips: the main condenser label on NPP-PID-03 (shells A, B and C) and the cooling water note on NPP-PID-02.

v4, October 2026. Answers an outside review: P&IDs for the reactor coolant system, passive core cooling, main steam, feedwater, condensate and circulating water with a line number on every pipe; a protection and actuation logic sheet; raceway plans, cable and raceway schedules with plant-wide cable numbers, a line list and an instrument index; a terminal box, feeder path and cable for every powered load in the containment and turbine building, with safety-related circuits by division (A to D); pipe tees and branch outlets; a voltage barrier in the 6.9 kV tray and ground conductors in the power trays; lightning protection on the shield and turbine buildings; pH adjustment baskets; the condensate polisher; motor ratings (model values); feeders for every large motor on the auxiliary one-line with transformer impedances and a short-circuit table; switchyard relay protection that matches the relay house; a 230 kV breaker for each reserve auxiliary transformer; revenue metering; fiber in the shield wires; main steam and feedwater through the auxiliary building in the site view; hydrogen igniters and recombiners are not modeled (no free source confirms them for this plant type); the Safety guide rewritten for a nuclear plant, with emergency planning, the full dose-limit table, the radiologically controlled area, lockout/tagout and permits; a faster 3D view; bill of materials in meters with safety class and QA columns; accessibility fixes; fixed drawing issue dates.

v3, October 2026. Accuracy review of every building, with the fixes it called for (steam generator channel head flow, vessel supports and primary shield wall, maintenance floor and stairs, guardrails, air baffle, main steam and feedwater inside containment, pressurizer spray, extraction steam and heater drains, condensate to all three condenser necks, feedwater venturis, pipe supports, turbine hatch and exciter, 500 kV clearances and take-offs, reserve transformer leads, shield wires, roads and parking); cable trays rebuilt with catalog fittings and conduit with couplings, LB bodies, drop-outs, hubs, flexible conduit and supports; meteorological tower, service water cooling tower, gas storage and water treatment building added.

v2, October 2026. The whole plant site (nuclear island, turbine building, annex, radwaste and diesel buildings, tanks, natural draft cooling tower, river intake, switchyard and transmission lines); the turbine building with the turbine-generator, moisture separator reheaters, condenser, feedwater train, crane, cable trays, conduit and instruments; X-ray now hides building walls and roofs; steam cycle diagram; library categories corrected.

v1, October 2026 (phase 1). Containment and shield building in cutaway with the reactor coolant system, passive core cooling, passive containment cooling, instruments, cable trays and conduit; 500 kV breaker-and-a-half and 230 kV reserve switchyard; plant and auxiliary one-lines; containment section; passive safety systems diagram; radiation chapter in the Safety guide.

Privacy and security

The site has no accounts, no advertising and no analytics. Training progress stays in your browser. Fonts, scripts and models are all served from this site, so a visit makes no requests to other companies. The site is served over HTTPS with a Content-Security-Policy and related security headers. If you use the error report form or the contact form, what you type is used only to answer you and fix the site. The privacy notice has the full account.

Accessibility

The trainer is designed for a desktop or laptop with a mouse, at 100–200% browser zoom. Panels, lessons, the catalog and the drawings work from the keyboard, and the catalog and drawings are an alternative to clicking in 3D. In the switching simulator, device state is shown in words and symbols as well as by the utility red/green colors. Dialogs trap focus, close on Escape and return focus; camera flights are skipped when the browser asks for reduced motion. The 3D view itself is a picture; the catalog, building pages and drawings carry the same information as text. Screen-reader behavior has not been tested yet. If something does not work with your browser or assistive technology, please report it the same way as a content error.

Third-party software

The 3D view runs on the three.js library (r160, MIT License, © 2010-2023 three.js authors; license text). The type is IBM Plex Sans and IBM Plex Mono (SIL Open Font License 1.1; license text). Both are served from this site, with no third-party requests. Everything else on the site is © 2026 Locke Design Firm LLC.

Report an error

If you find a value that disagrees with a regulation, code, standard or manufacturer's data, tell us where it is, what it says, and your source. Every report is checked against the source, and confirmed errors are fixed.